Establishment of basic principles and methods of acupuncture standardization in traditional Chinese medicine / 数字中医药（英文）

@#Standardization is the universal language of the world, and standardization of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is essential for its communication in China and globally. However, the principles and methods of TCM acupuncture standardization have been unclear and inadequate in the early stages. Based on an investigative approach to understanding the current status, identifying problems, and finding solutions, our team has established basic principles of TCM acupuncture that embody Chinese wisdom, evaluated the international strategic environment systematically, proposed the principle of “importance of harmony and exercise of impartiality”, and established basic working principles. A series of methods for TCM acupuncture standard development and evaluation have been constructed, including general standards for the revision of TCM acupuncture standards, the first TCM acupuncture clinical research management specification, a shared full chain technology platform, a data center, and an evaluation research base for TCM acupuncture clinical research. Evaluation criteria for ancient literature and expert experience, a recommendation method for the “three main and three auxiliaries” TCM guideline for prevention were established, and quantifiable assessment methods of TCM standard applicability were proposed. These findings provide methodological guidance for TCM acupuncture standardization.

Identification and Expression Analysis of AP2/ERF Family in Stress Responses of Pinellia ternata Based on Transcriptome Data / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveTo identify the functions of the AP2/ERF family members in Pinellia ternata and promote the genetic improvement of P. ternata varieties. MethodWe identified and conducted a systematic bioinformatics analysis of the AP2/ERF family member genes in P. ternata based on the three generations of transcriptome data. Real-time polymerase Chain reaction　（Real-time） PCR was employed to determine the expression pattern of AP2/ERF genes in different tissues and under different stress conditions. ResultA total of eight full-length AP2/ERF family members were identified from the transcriptome data， which were classified into three sub-gene families： AP2， ERF， and DREB. The deduced AP2/ERF proteins in P. ternata had the length of 251-512 aa， the theoretical pI of 5.29-11.72， the instability index of 45.90-82.41， subcellular localization in the nucleus， and conserved domains and motifs. AP2/ERF genes were expressed in different tissues of P. ternata， with high expression levels in the leaf. The stress response experiments showed that PtERF1 mainly responded to NaCl stress. The expression of PtERF2 and PtERF4 was significantly up-regulated under low temperature and polyethylene glycol （PEG）-simulated stress. PtERF3 responded to both low temperature and NaCl stress. The expression of PtERF5 was induced by high temperature， low temperature， NaCl and PEG stress. The expression of PtERF7 was up-regulated under high temperature， while that of PtERF8 under low temperature. ConclusionThe AP2/ERF genes in P. ternata can respond to stress and have the potential functions of regulating photosynthesis and improving root stress resistance.

Body index variation in the university students under resistance training / Variação do índice corporal em estudantes universitários sob treinamento de resistência / Variación del índice corporal en estudiantes universitarios bajo entrenamiento de resistencia

ABSTRACT Introduction: Recent research on the probability of increasing physical injuries during physical activities revealed that resistance training can improve physical performance of college students, prevent sports injuries and reduce the body fat rate of its practitioners. Objective: Analyze the effects of resistance training on the body index of university students. Methods: One hundred female college students were selected as experimenters to ensure normal activities for 16 weeks. The experimenter performed resistance training for 16 weeks, three times a week on Monday, Wednesday and Friday, with three cycles each time. Results: After 16 weeks of experimental intervention, the average chest circumference, average waist circumference, average hip circumference, and average leg circumference of the experimental group were 83.27cm, 63.1cm, 89.95cm, 54.6cm, and 24.02%, respectively. After the experiment, the average back muscle strength of the experimental group increased by 5.11kg, and the average basal metabolism increased from 1204.4 kcal to 1260.59 kcal. Conclusion: Resistance training and aerobic exercise have the most significant effect on body fat rate. Resistance training can control the decline of body fat rate in college students to improve their physical quality. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment outcomes.

RESUMO Introdução: Pesquisas recentes sobre a preocupação na probabilidade do aumento em lesões físicas durante as atividades físicas revelaram que o treinamento de resistência pode melhorar o desempenho físico dos estudantes universitários, prevenir lesões esportivas e reduzir a taxa de gordura corporal de seus praticantes. Objetivo: Analisar os efeitos do treinamento de resistência física sobre o índice corporal dos estudantes universitários. Métodos: Cem estudantes universitárias foram selecionadas como experimentadoras para garantir atividades normais durante 16 semanas. O experimentador realizou treinamento de resistência durante 16 semanas, três vezes por semana na segunda, quarta e sexta-feira, com três ciclos de cada vez. Resultados: Após 16 semanas de intervenção experimental, a circunferência média do tórax, circunferência média da cintura, circunferência média do quadril e circunferência média das pernas do grupo experimental foram 83,27cm, 63,1cm, 89,95cm, 54,6cm e 24,02% respectivamente. Após o experimento, a força média dos músculos das costas do grupo experimental aumentou em 5,11kg, e o metabolismo basal médio aumentou de 1204,4kcal para 1260,59kcal. Conclusão: O treinamento de resistência e o exercício aeróbico têm o efeito mais significativo na taxa de gordura corporal. O treinamento de resistência pode controlar o declínio da taxa de gordura corporal dos estudantes universitários, de forma a melhorar sua qualidade física. Nível de evidência II; Estudos terapêuticos - investigação dos resultados do tratamento.

RESUMEN Introducción: Recientes investigaciones sobre la preocupación por la probabilidad de aumento de lesiones físicas durante las actividades físicas revelaron que el entrenamiento de resistencia puede mejorar el rendimiento físico de los estudiantes universitarios, prevenir lesiones deportivas y reducir el índice de grasa corporal de sus practicantes. Objetivo: Analizar los efectos del entrenamiento de resistencia física sobre el índice corporal de estudiantes universitarios. Métodos: Se seleccionaron cien estudiantes universitarias como experimentadoras para garantizar una actividad normal durante 16 semanas. El experimentador realizó un entrenamiento de resistencia durante 16 semanas, tres veces por semana, los lunes, miércoles y viernes, con tres ciclos cada vez. Resultados: Tras 16 semanas de intervención experimental, el perímetro torácico medio, el perímetro medio de la cintura, el perímetro medio de la cadera y el perímetro medio de las piernas del grupo experimental fueron de 83,27 cm, 63,1 cm, 89,95 cm, 54,6 cm y 24,02% respectivamente. Tras el experimento, la fuerza muscular media de la espalda del grupo experimental aumentó en 5,11 kg, y el metabolismo basal medio pasó de 1204,4 kcal a 1260,59 kcal. Conclusión: El entrenamiento de resistencia y el ejercicio aeróbico tienen el efecto más significativo sobre el índice de grasa corporal. El entrenamiento de resistencia puede controlar la disminución de la tasa de grasa corporal en los estudiantes universitarios, con el fin de mejorar su calidad física. Nivel de evidencia II; Estudios terapéuticos - investigación de los resultados del tratamiento.

Effects of occupational mercury exposure on the immune function of workers / 中国职业医学

@#Objective To investigate the effects of mercury on T lymphocytes and serum immune indexes of workers with Methods occupational mercury exposure. A total of 45 workers with occupational mercury exposure were selected as the ， mercury exposure group and 47 workers without occupational mercury exposure were selected as the control group using the judgment sampling method. Cold atomic absorption spectrometry was used to detect the urinary mercury level of the two groups. （ ） +， + +， + + - + Flow cytometry was used to detect the proportion of cluster of differentiation CD 3 CD3CD4 CD3CD8 and CD3CD19 ， - （ - ） - （ - ） cells in peripheral blood and the levels of tumor necrosis factor α TNF α and interleukin 8 IL 8 in serum. The levels of （ ） ， Results immunoglobulin Ig A IgG and IgM in serum were measured by immune nephelometry. The urinary mercury level of （ ： vs ，P ） individuals in the mercury exposed group was higher than that of the control group median 92.7 13.2 μg/g Cr <0.01 . The +， + +， - + proportion of CD3 CD3CD4 CD3CD19 cells in peripheral blood and serum IgG level in the mercury exposed group （ P ）， - - （ P ） decreased all <0.05 and the serum TNF α and IL 8 levels increased all <0.01 compared with the control group. Urinary - + mercury level was negatively correlated with the proportion of CD3CD19 cells in peripheral blood and serum IgG level in the ［ （r） ， ， P ］， study subjects Spearman correlation coefficient S were −0.21 and −0.31 respectively all <0.05 and positively - - （r ， ， P ） ， correlated with serum TNF α and IL 8 levels S were 0.36 and 0.39 respectively all <0.05 . However the urinary mercury （ P ）， +， + +， level was neither correlated with IgA and IgM levels in serum all >0.05 nor with the proportion of CD3 CD3CD4 + + （ P ） Conclusion CD3CD8 cells in peripheral blood all >0.05 . Occupational exposure to mercury can lead to abnormal ， changes in peripheral blood T lymphocyte subsets B lymphocytes and serum immune factors in workers. The mercury load of occupational mercury exposure workers may impact their immune function.

The development of public sports service system in central and western regions from the perspective of national health strategy / O desenvolvimento do sistema público de serviços desportivos nas regiões central e ocidental sob a perspectiva da estratégia nacional de saúde / Desarrollo del sistema de servicios públicos de deporte en la región centro - oeste desde la perspectiva de la estrategia nacional de salud

ABSTRACT National health is a new requirement for social development in the new era and in the current situation. At present, there is a problem of unbalanced development of public sports service system among various regions in China, especially the large gap between the East and the Midwest. In order to understand the development status of public sports service system in central and western regions from the perspective of national health strategy, this study constructed the evaluation index system of public sports service in central and western regions, and revised the indicators through two rounds of expert survey, and determined the index weight using AHP. On this basis, taking a city in the central and western region to represent public sports development, the validity and rationality of the evaluation model are verified. The research shows that the public sports service system of the city has a good level and the sports service system is relatively perfect, which can meet the diversified needs of residents participating in sports to a certain extent. Therefore, the development momentum of public sports service system in central and western regions is good, but it still needs to further promote the rational allocation of regional sports resources. It is hoped that this study can provide certain reference for the development of public sports service system in central and western regions from the perspective of national health strategy.

RESUMO A saúde nacional é uma nova exigência para o desenvolvimento social na nova era e na situação atual. Atualmente, existe um problema de desenvolvimento desequilibrado do sistema de serviço público de desporto entre várias regiões da China, com sobretudo uma grande lacuna entre as regiões leste e centro-oeste. A fim de compreender o estado de desenvolvimento do sistema de serviço público de desportos nas regiões central e ocidental a partir da Perspectiva da estratégia nacional de saúde, este estudo construiu o sistema de índice de avaliação do serviço público de desporto nas regiões central e ocidental, e revisou os indicadores através de duas rondas de inquéritos especializados, e determinou o peso do índice por meio do o processo hierárquico analítico (Analytic Hierarchy Process — AHP). Nesta base, verificou-se a validade e a racionalidade do modelo de avaliação, tomando uma cidade na região central e ocidental como representativa do desenvolvimento desportivo público. A pesquisa mostra que o sistema público de serviço esportivo da Cidade tem um bom nível e o sistema de serviço desportivo é relativamente perfeito, o que pode atender às necessidades diversificadas dos residentes que praticam esportes, em certa medida. Por conseguinte, o impulso para o desenvolvimento do sistema público de serviços desportivos nas regiões central e ocidental é positivo, mas ainda precisa de promover a alocação racional dos recursos desportivos regionais. Espera-se que este estudo possa fornecer certa referência para o desenvolvimento do sistema de serviço público de desporto nas regiões centrais e ocidentais, a partir da Perspectiva da estratégia nacional de saúde.

RESUMEN Resumen: La salud nacional es un nuevo requisito para el desarrollo social en la nueva era y en la situación actual. En la actualidad, existe un problema de desarrollo desequilibrado del sistema de servicios deportivos públicos entre varias regiones de China, especialmente la gran brecha entre el Este y el Medio Oeste. Con el fin de comprender el estado de desarrollo del sistema de servicios deportivos públicos en las regiones central y occidental desde la perspectiva de la estrategia nacional de salud, este estudio construyó el sistema de índices de evaluación del servicio deportivo público en las regiones central y occidental. Con ese sistema revisó los indicadores a través de dos rondas de encuestas entre expertos y determinó el peso del índice utilizando el proceso de jerarquía analítica (PJA). Sobre esta base, tomando una ciudad de la región central y una de la occidental para representar el desarrollo deportivo público, se verificó la vigencia y racionalidad del modelo de evaluación. La investigación muestra que el sistema público de servicios deportivos de la ciudad tiene un buen nivel y el sistema de servicios deportivos es relativamente perfecto, lo que puede satisfacer las diversas necesidades de los residentes que participan en deportes. Por lo tanto, el desarrollo del sistema de servicios deportivos públicos en las regiones central y occidental es bueno, pero aún debe promover más la asignación racional de los recursos deportivos regionales. Se espera que este estudio pueda proporcionar una referencia para el desarrollo del sistema público de servicios deportivos en las regiones central y occidental desde la perspectiva de la estrategia nacional de salud.

Modified Del Nido cardioplegia versus St.Thomas cardioplegia for myocardial protection in adult patients with combined valve replacement / 中国胸心血管外科临床杂志

@#Objective     To analyze the effect of myocardial protection between modified Del Nido cardioplegia and St. Thomas Hospital Cardioplegia in adult patients with aortic valve and mitral valve replacement. Methods     From January 2014 to June 2016, 140 patients underwent aortic valve and mitral valve replacement in our hospital. According to different cardioplegia, the patients were divided into two groups including a modified Del Nido cardioplegia group (70 patients, 37 males, 33 females at mean age of 53.13±9.52 years) and a St. Thomas cardioplegia group (70 patients, 32 males, 38 females, at age of 50.71±9.29 years). We collected clinical data of the patients before operation (T1), 2 h after aortic unclamping (T2), 24 h after operation (T3) and 48 h after operation (T4). Indexes of muscle enzymes including blood center creatine kinase (CK), creatine kinase isoenzyme (CK-MB) concentration and liver function indexes including urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine (Cr), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) concentrations, and compared the postoperative and follow-up clinical data. Results     There was no statistical difference in age, weight, gender, ejection fraction baseline data between the two groups (P>0.05). All patients were successfully completed  combined valve replacement under cardiopulmonary bypass. The cardiopulmonary time was no statistical difference between the two groups (P>0.05). However, compared with St. Thomas cardioplegia group, modified Del Nido group was less in perfusion (1.19±0.39 vs. 2.99±0.75, P<0.001), shorter in aortic clamping time (P=0.003). No statistical difference was found in defibrillation rate after resuscitation between the two groups (P=0.779). Biochemical indicators were not statistically different at different time points between the two groups (P>0.05). Conclusion     Modified Del Nido cardioplegia has the same effect on myocardial protection with St. Thomas cardioplegia in adult patients. It reduces the frequency of reperfusion, and shortens the clamping time. There is no additional injury in the important organs such as liver, kidney. Modified Del Nido cardioplegia myocardial protection ability in adult heart valve surgery is feasible.

Liuwei Dihuang Pill () Treats Postmenopausal Osteoporosis with Shen (Kidney) Yin Deficiency via Janus Kinase/Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription Signal Pathway by Up-regulating Cardiotrophin-Like Cytokine Factor 1 Expression / 中国结合医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVES</b>To investigate the mechanism of Liuwei Dihuang Pill (, LDP) in treating postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMOP) with Shen (Kidney) yin deficiency.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>In this study, 205 cases of PMOP were divided into the PMOP Shen-yin deficiency group (Group A), PMOP Shen-yang deficiency group (Group B), PMOP without Shen deficiency group (Group C), and control group (Group N). Real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blot techniques were used to observe the effects of LDP treatment on the cardiotrophin-like cytokine factor 1 (CLCF1), ankyrin repeat and SOCS box containing 1 (ASB1), and prokineticin 2 (PROK2) genes and the Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK/STAT) signaling pathway.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The mRNA (P<0.05) and protein (P<0.01) expression levels of the CLCF1 gene in Group A were significantly lower than the corresponding levels in Group N. After LDP treatment for 3 months, the mRNA expression levels of the CLCF1 gene were obviously up-regulated (P<0.01). After 6-month treatment, the expression levels of CLCF1 mRNA and protein were significantly up-regulated (both P<0.01), and the average bone density of the top femur had significantly increased (P<0.05). In vitro, CLCF1 overexpression resulted in a significant increase in the total protein and phosphorylated protein levels of JAK2 and STAT3.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The CLCF1 gene is an important gene associated with PMOP Shen-yin deficiency and the therapeutic effects of LDP may be mediated by up-regulation of CLCF1 gene expression and activation of the JAK/STAT signaling pathway.</p>

Effect analysis of topical fluoride varnish on caries prevention of first permanent molars in school-age children / 口腔疾病防治

Objective @#To investigate the effectiveness of fluoride varnish in preventing first permanent molars caries inschool-age children and provide necessary information for oral health instruction. @*Methods@#378 children aged 6-7 years old in the first grade of primary school in dahua country, hechi city, Guangxi province (1 053 first permanent molars) were randomly recruited into 2 groups. The test group (542 first permanent molars in 191 children) was treated with fluoride varnish one time in a half year and given oral hygiene instruction 3 times; The control group (511 first permanent molars in 187 children) was only given oral hygiene instruction 3 times. All first permanent molars were checked after 18 months later for caries. @*Results@#After intervention, the caries prevalence rate in the test group raised from 21.99% to 27.75% compared with the control group from 24.60% to 37.43%. The caries incidence rate in test and control group was 5.76% and 12.83% respectively. There was a significant difference between 2 groups regardless of caries prevalence, caries incidence, the DMFT reduction, the DMFs reduction, the occlusal caries prevalence, the pit and fissure caries prevalence, the proximal caries prevalence. @*Conclusion @#Semi-annual application of fluoride varnish is effective in the prevention of dental caries in first permanent molars , which was worth of being popularized in clinic.

In vivo antimalarial activity of synthetic hepcidin against Plasmodium berghei in mice / 中国天然药物

The present study was designed to investigate the antimalarial activity of synthetic hepcidin and its effect on cytokine secretion in mice infected with Plasmodium berghei. The mice were infected with P. berghei intravenously and treated with hepcidin according to 4-day suppression test and Rane's test. The serum levels of interleukins (IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12p70, and IL-17A), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) in the experimental mice were determined using a cytometric bead array (CBA) kit. The survival rate of the infected mice was also registered. Additionally, the serum iron, alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), and total bilirubin (BIL) were detected to evaluate liver functions. Hepcidin exerted direct anti-malarial function in vivo and increased survival rate in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, the secretion of T helper cell type 1 (Th1), Th2, and Th17 cytokines, TNF-α, and IFN-γ were inhibited by hepcidin. In conclusion, our results demonstrated that synthetic hepcidin exerts in vivo antimalarial activity and possesses anti-inflammatory function, which provides a basis for future design of new derivatives with ideal anti-malarial activity.

Effect of overexpression of LYRM1 gene on reactive oxygen species in skeletal muscle cells / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

Objective To explore the effect of LYRM1 overexpression on production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in skeletal muscle cells.Methods Rat myoblasts(L6) were transfected with either an empty vector or a LYRM1 expression vector.Cells were screened and the expression of LYRM1 protein in cells was identified.L6 cells were incubated in culture solution with H2-DCFDA after they were differentiated.Then fluorescence intensity of ROS in L6 was observed by fluorescence microscope,and the content of ROS was determined by flow cytometry.Results The relative fluorescence intensity of ROS in L6 overexpressing LYRM1 was 24.8933 ± 4.4574,while that in contrast cells was 13.1512 ± 0.7347,the difference between them was significant(t =24.12,P =0.00).Conclusions Overexpression LYRM1 can increase the production of ROS in skeletal muscle cells.LYRM1 overexpression may be influence the mitochondrial function and induce the mitochondrial damage of skeletal muscle cells.

Relative role of free fatty acids on expression of miR-335 in human matured adipocytes / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

Objective To explore the role of free fatty acids(FFA) on expression of miR-335 in human matured adipocytes.Methods In order to induce differentiation,confluent human pre-adipocytes (day 0) were subsequently cultured in serum-free PAM containing 50 nmol/L insulin,100 nmol/L dexamethasone,0.5 mmol/L 3-isobutyl1-methylxanthine,and 100 μmol/L rosiglitazone.Then human matured adipocytes (day 16) were treated with 1 mmol/L FFA cocktail composed of lauric acid,myristic acid,linoleic acid,oleic acid,and arachidonic acids for 4,8 and 24 hours.Meanwhile,untreated cells were collected as control group.Total RNA from these adipocytes were extracted and the levels of miR-335 expression were evaluated by real-time PCR.Results The expression of miR-335 at 4,8 and 24 hours showed no statistical significance when compared to 0 hour in untreated matured adipocytes (all P ＞ 0.05).The relative expression of miR-335 after the intervention of FFA in human matured adipocytes were 9.03 ± 0.31,9.85 ±2.41 and 11.23 ± 0.62,respectively at 4,8 and 24 hours when used with snRU6 for normalization,and there was statistical signi-ficance compared with 0 hour in control group (all P ＜ 0.05).The levels of miR-335 were 4.73 ± 0.60,5.38 ± 1.25 and 4.57 ±0.52 at the same time point when used with miR-103 for normalization,and there was statistical significance compared with 0 hour in control group (all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions FFA exert a positive effect on the miR-335 expression in human matured adipocytes,which provide the basis for the further study about the role of miR-335 in human adipocytes.

Influence of cyanide p-trifluoromethoxyphenyl-hydrazone on insulin sensitivity and mitochondrial function in 3T3-L1 adipocytes / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

Objective To observe the effect of uncoupler of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation——Cyanide p-trifluoromethoxyphenyl-hydrazone (FCCP) on mitochondrial function and insulin sensitivity in mature adipocytes.Me-thods 3T3-L1 pre-adipocytes were differentiated into mature adipocytes and then induced and maintained in medium that contained the chemical uncoupler 7.5 μmol/L FCCP.Glucose uptake was determined in the adipocytes by measu-ring 2-deoxy-D-[3H] glucose uptake.Western blot was used to detect the translocation of insulin-sensitive glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) and measure the phosphorylation and total protein contents of insulin signaling proteins such as insulin receptor substrate(IRS)-1,Akt.The mitochondrial morphology was performed by transmission electron microscope.The mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) copy number was evaluated by real time PCR.Luciferase-based luminescence assay was used to determine cellular ATP production.The mitochondrial membrane potential(△Ψm) and reactive oxygen species(ROS) were detected by flow cytometry.Results (1) Exposure of mature adipocytes to FCCP basal glucose uptake was similar to mature adipocytes without FCCP(t =-0.07,P ＞ 0.05) ; however,the insulin-stimulated glucose uptake was significantly decreased in FCCP group (t =5.87,P ＜ 0.01).(2)FCCP decreased insulin-stimulated GLUT4 translocation to the plasmalemma and inhibition of insulin-induced phosphorylation of IRS-1 and Akt in 3T3-L1 adipocytes.(3)The size of mitochondria in FCCP-treated adipocytes was smaller than that in 3T3-L1 adipocytes without FCCP,and the morphology was condensed and abnormal.(4) mtDNA copy number in FCCP-treated adipocytes was significantly lower than that in adipocytes without FCCP(t =-1.73,P ＜ 0.001).(5) Exposure of 3T3-L1 adipocytes to FCCP significantly decreased △Ψm (t =4.83,P ＜ 0.01) and total cellular ATP production compared with cells without FCCP (t =6.08,P ＜ 0.0001),as well as the increased intracellular ROS levels (t =-6.82,P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions FCCP may impair mitochondrial morphology and mitochondrion dysfunction,and inhibited the activation of insulin-induced phosphorylation of IRS-1 and Akt in 3T3-L1 adipocytes,which suggests that FCCP-induced insulin resistance may be correlated with the FCCP induced generation of ROS in 3T3-L1 adipocytes.

Therapic choice of intertrochanteric fracture of femur in aged patient / 中国骨伤

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the therapic choice of intertrochanteric fractures of femur in aged patient.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From June 2006 to June 2010,58 patients with intertrochanteric fracture were treated with surgical methods. There were 25 males and 33 females, aged from 65 to 93 years old (averaged 79 years old). According to the Evans type, type I was in 30 cases, type II was in 28 cases. Of them, 25 patients were treated with hip replacement (group A) and 33 patients were treated with internal fixation (group B). The operative time, blood loss volume, the time of get out of bed, drainage volume, complications and function of joint motion were compared between two groups. According to Harris scoring to evaluate function of joint motion at the 3rd, 6th, 12th months after operation.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>All patients were followed up more than 12 months (averaged 16.4 months). One patient in group A died of pneumonia one month later after operation and other patients live safely through peri-operation. The group B was better than that of group A at operative time, blood loss volume, drainage volume. In group A, 1 case died and 1 case got DVT, 2 cases got urinary tract infection and 1 case got pneumonia. While in group B, 1 case got bedsore, 1 case got coxa vara and 2 cases got urinary tract infection. The incidence rate of complication in group B was lower than that of group A (P < 0.05). According to Harris scoring system, at the 3rd, 6th,12th months after operation, Harris scoring in group A was respectively (78.43 +/- 5.32), (81.67 +/- 4.87), (87.66 +/- 4.01) scores and in group B was respectively (75.45 +/- 3.22), (76.33 +/- 4.12), (88.65 +/- 3.77) scores. There was statistical significance in Harris scoring at the 3rd, 6th months after operation between two groups (P < 0.05) and there was no statistical significance at the 12th months after operation (P > 0.05). At three months after operation, in group A,14 cases obtained excellent results, 5 good, 5 fair and 1 poor; and in group B, 8 cases obtained excellent results, 13 good, 9 fair and 3 poor. Six months later, in group A,18 excellent, 5 good, 2 fair and 0 poor, and in group B,10 excellent, 15 good, 6 fair and 2 poor. Twelve months later,in group A,18 excellent, 5 good, 1 fair and 1 poor; and in group B, 21 excellent, 9 good, 3 fair and 0 poor. Three and six months later after operation, the clinical effect in group A was better than that of group B (P < 0.05); but twelve months later, there was no significant differences between two groups (P > 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The internal fixation is especially the preferred method for the aged patient with intertrochanteric fractures. Hip replacement refer to pathologicalfracture caused by cancer, unheeded fracture abnormity, osteoprosis too serious to be treated by internal fixation or patients with ipsilateral symptomatic degenerative joint or revisions caused by failed internal fixation and severely intertrochanteric comminuted fractures and merged severely osteoporosis.</p>

Effect of tTG inhibitor on the expression of FN and Col-Ⅳ induced by TGF-β_2 in human lens epithelial cells / 眼科研究

BackgroundOur previous research and other reports disclosed that the expression of tissue transglutaminase(tTG)in lens epithelial cells(LECs) of patients with cataract is enhanced,indicating tTG is related to formation of posterior capsule opacification(PCO).ObjectivePresent study is to observe the effect of tTG specific inhibitor monodansyl-cadaverineon(MDC) on the expression of fibronectin(FN) and collagen Ⅳ(Col-Ⅳ) induced by TGF-β_2 in human LECs.MethodsHLE-B3 was cultured in vitro in DMEM containing 10% fetal bovine serum and then were divided into 5 groups.The free-serum culture was used as normal control group.Free-serum culture containing 10μg/L TGF-β_2 was utilized as treatment group.10μg/L TGF-β_2 plused 100μmol/L,200μmol/L and 400μmol/L MDC respectively in different concentrations as MDC-treatment group.Semiquantitative RT-PCR was used to assay the expression of tTG,FN and Col-Ⅳ in HLE-B3.A(tTG/β-actin),A(FN/β-actin) and A(Col-Ⅳ/β-actin) was calculated separately as the detecting indexes.ResultstTG,FN and Col-Ⅳ were positively expressed in cultured HLE-B3.The expression levels of tTG,FN and Col-Ⅳ in HLE-B3 were remarkably increased in the group with 10μg/L TGF-β_2 compared with normal control group(t=33.95,P<0.01;t=38.24,P<0.01;t=13.48,P<0.01).The expression levels of FN and Col-Ⅳ were gradually declined in 100,200 and 400μmol/L MDC groups in comparison with TGF-β_2 treatment(P<0.01).The significant differences were also found in the expressions of FN and Col-Ⅳ in HLE-B3 among 100,200 and 400μmol/L MDC groups(P<0.01).ConclusionMDC inhibits the expression of FN and Col-Ⅳ induced by TGF-β_2 in human LECs at a concentration-dependent manner.tTG may be involved in the formation of posterior capsule opacification through up-regulating the expressions of FN and Col-Ⅳ in human LECs.

Mechanism of As(2)O(3) on hdpr1 gene demethylation in Jurkat cell line / 中国实验血液学杂志

This study was purposed to investigate the effect of As(2)O(3) on the demethylation of anti-oncogene-hdpr1 gene of acute lymphoblastic leukemia cell line Jurkat in vitro and its mechanism. The inhibitory effect of As(2)O(3) on the proliferation of Jurkat cells was assayed by CCK-8; the change of Jurkat cell cycle was detected by flow cytometry before and after using As(2)O(3); the effect of As(2)O(3) on the methylation model of hdpr1 gene was analyzed by methylation-specific PCR, and the effect of As(2)O(3) on the expression of hdpr1 mRNA was analyzed by semiquantitative RT-PCR. The results showed that the proliferation rate of Jurkat cells was decreased significantly after being treated with As(2)O(3), and in dose-and time-dependent manner; As(2)O(3) blocked Jurkat cell cycle in G(0)/G(1) phase in dose-dependent manner. As(2)O(3) could reverse hypermethylation of hdpr1 gene and induce its mRNA reexpression, and down-regulate the dnmt1, dnmt3a, dnmt3b mRNA expression level also in dose-dependent manner. It is concluded that the As(2)O(3) suppresses the proliferation of Jurkat cells and blocks cell cycle is G(0)/G(1), its possible mechanism may be down-regulating mRNA expression level of dnmt1, dnmt3a and dnmt3b, induce demethylation of hdpr1 gene from abnormal hypermethylation status and activates its reexpression.

Resistin inhibits rat insulinoma cell RINm5F proliferation / 中国当代儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>Resistin was thought to link the obesity to type 2 diabetes. This study aimed to investigate the effect of resistin on insulinoma cell proliferation.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>pcDNA3.1-resistin was transfected into rat insulinoma cells RINm5F. Cell proliferation was assessed by the MTT assay. The resistin and SOCS3 mRNA levels were assessed by RT-PCR. The total Akt level and the phosphorylation status were assessed by Western blot.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The over-expressed resistin inhibited the RINm5F cell proliferation (p<0.05). SOCS-3 expression was up-regulated by resistin over-expression (3.2 folds over the control; p<0.05). Akt phosphorylation was down-regulated by resistin over-expression (0.6 fold over the control; p<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Resistin impairs the rat insulinoma cell RINm5F proliferation. This might be attributed to a down-regulation of Akt level caused by increased SOCS-3 expression.</p>

Clinical and histological features of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease / 中华肝脏病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the clinical and histological features in Chinese patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>108 patients with biopsy-proven NAFLD were enrolled in this study. Clinical, demographic, and biochemical data were compared between NAFLD patients with abnormal ALT and those with normal ALT.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Simple fatty liver, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH) and cirrhosis were diagnosed in 49 (45.4%), 57(52.7%) and 2 (1.9%) patients, respectively. ALT and AST levels of NASH group were higher than those of simple fatty liver group (t = 2.55, 3.13; P = 0.01, 0.00). Fifty of the 77 patients (64.9%) with abnormal ALT levels were diagnosed as non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), and twenty-six were diagnosed as simple fatty liver, according to liver histology. Among the 31 patients with normal ALT levels, nine (29%) had NASH and twenty-two had simple fatty liver (P = 0.00). The patients with normal ALT had lower necroinflammatory grade than patients with abnormal ALT (x2 = 10.30, P = 0.01), but they had similar degree of steatosis and fibrosis (x2 = 5.52, 6.12; P = 0.12, 0.01). AST, g-glutamyltransferase, total cholesterol, apolipoprotein A1, apolipoprotein B and systolic blood pressure of patients with normal ALT were all lower than those of patients with abnormal ALT (t = 5.91, 2.00, 2.30, 2.10, 3.14, 2.43; P = 0.00, 0.05, 0.02, 0.04, 0.00, 0.02), while spleen thickness and AST/ALT ratio in patients with normal ALT were higher than those with abnormal ALT significantly (t = 3.70, 2.95; P = 0.00, 0.01). Multivariate analysis revealed that ALT (OR = 2.78, 95% CI 1.06-7.3, P = 0.04) was the only independent predictor of NASH, and ALT had low accuracy in predicting NASH, the area under the receiver operating characteristics curves of ALT to predict NASH was 0.69 (95% CI 0.59-0.8, P = 0.00).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>NAFLD patients have higher ALT level, and elevated serum level of ALT is independent predictor of the degree of inflammation, but not of steatosis and fibrosis.</p>

Regulative role of TNFalpha on STEAP4 gene in matured human adipocytes / 中国当代儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>Human STEAP4, a novel obesity-related gene, is associated with insulin sensitivity regulation in human adipocytes. This study aimed to explore the regulative role of TNFalpha on STEAP4 gene in matured human adipocytes.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Human preadipocytes were cultured and differentiated into matured adipocytes in vitro. Fully differentiated adipocytes (Day 17) were treated with different concentrations of TNFalpha (0, 5, 10, 25 and 50 ng/mL) for 24 hrs. Total RNA and protein were extracted from the adipocytes. Levels of STEAP4 mRNA and protein expression were determined by real-time quantitative RT-PCR and Western blot respectively.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Different concentrations (5, 10, 25 and 50 ng/mL) of TNFalpha treatment for 24 hrs resulted in a significant increase in the STEAP4 mRNA expression of human matured adipocytes.The maximal effect was seen in the 50 ng/mL of TNFalpha treatment group. In parallel, STEAP4 protein synthesis in matured adipocytes increased in response to TNFalpha treatment of different concentrations (5, 10, 25 and 50 ng/mL) for 24 hrs. The maximal up-regulated effect was seen in the 25 ng/mL of TNFalpha treatment group.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>TNFalpha can up-regulate STEAP4 mRNA expression in human matured adipocytes.</p>

A study on differences of curative effects of acupuncture and nCPAP for treatment of OSAHS / 中国针灸

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To compare curative effects of acupuncture and nasal continuous positive airway pressure (nCPAP) on obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome(OSAHS), and to explore the characteristics and advantages of acupuncture in treatment of this disease.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Sixty-six cases of OSAHS were randomly divided into an acupuncture group (n = 44) treated by acupuncture at Lianquan (CV 23) and Tianrong (SI 17) etc., and a nCPAP group (n = 22) treated by nCPAP. Indexes of respiration, blood oxygen and sleep were monitored before, during and after treatment.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with those before treatment, no significant differences of these indexes were found in the acupuncture group during treatment (P > 0.05), but hypopnea index (HI), apnea-hypopnea index (AHI), the maximal apnea duration, the maximal hypopnea duration, sleep time spent when SaO2 was below 90% (SaO2 < 90%T) and the microarousal index improved significantly at the end of treatment (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01); while all the indexes improved significantly in the nCPAP group during treatment (P < 0. 01), but the therapeutic effect was not maintained at the end of treatment with no significant difference as compared with those before treatment. The therapeutic effect in the nCPAP group was better than that in the acupuncture group during the treatment (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01), but no significant difference of the therapeutic effect was found between the two groups at the end of treatment (P > 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The therapeutic effect of nCPAP on OSAHS produces during treatment and the therapeutic effect of acupuncture produces after treatment, indicating they possibly have different mechanisms.</p>

A genetic optimization designing method for microorganism detection genechip probe based on genetic algorithm / 中国医疗器械杂志

A new automatic selection approach of microorganism specific fragment combination is presented in this paper. Genetic algorithm is used to search optimal solution on the basis of classification ability of SNP combination, which is evaluated by the rough set theory. Other related experimental parameters are also been incorporated. Experimental results show that the method can find the best SNP combination pattern efficiently and accurately, which implies that it is a reliable approach to the genechip probe design.